What are minerals?

What is minerals,their uses and where it is found?

Licence under – CC-BY-SA-3.0

Source: http://www.mindat.org/photo-121240.html

TOURMALINE

XY3Z6(T6O18)(BO3)3V3W

X = Ca, Na, K, [] ([] = vacancy)
Y = Li, Mg, Fe+2, Fe+3, Mn+2, Al, Cr+3, V+3

Z = Mg, Al, Fe+3, V+3, Cr+3

T = Si, Al, B

V = OH, O

W = OH, F, O

A MINERAL IS A NATURALLY OCCURRING SUBSTANCE that has a characteristic

chemical composition and specific physical properties, such as habit and streak.

A rock, by comparison, is an aggregate of minerals and need not have a specific chemical composition.

Minerals are made up of elements

(substances that cannot be broken down chemically into simpler substances),

each of which can be represented by a chemical symbol.

Minerals can be divided into two main groups: native elements and compounds.

Native elements are made up of a pure element. Examples include gold (chemical

symbol Au), silver (Ag), copper (Cu), and carbon (C); carbon occurs as a native

element in two forms, diamond and graphite.

Compounds are combinations of

two or more elements. For example, sulphides are compounds of sulphur and

one or more other elements, such as lead (Pb) in the mineral galena, or antimony

(Sb) in the mineral stibnite.

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